Ⅰ 跪求關於汽車營銷的外文文獻！
唉，還是自己經手吧，如果那完全不是你的認識，你卻拿來濫竽充數的話，遲早也會穿的，自己去經手才可以知道自己的不足，能不能勝任一樣工作，並不是靠自己去唬弄自己的。
Ⅱ 求求~~ 關於汽車消費信貸的外文文獻PDF格式，的和對應的中文翻譯，最好還有中文翻譯。。。非常感謝。
親 ~~
過來人，理解你的心情。
其實，原創的論文網上沒有免費為你dai寫的！網上形同陌路的。有誰願意花時間給你寫呢？難道你在空閑的時間原以為別人提供這種不能給你帶來價值的服務嘛？從網上尋求幫助，即便是有好心人給你發來一片，不是原創也是枉然呀。
所以，還不如自己查找資料自己寫。花一些時間我相信你能成功的。還有就是網上混雜，萬一碰到dai寫騙人的，還要你花錢損失就大了。
親 ~~~你說是不是吧！
================【寫作參考資料可以從這里找】======================
CNKI資料庫也好、萬方數據也好都有大量的原創論文供你參考的。
中國科技期刊資料庫，它收錄了近千種中文期刊和報紙以及外文期刊。
學校都有介面下載的，真沒有免費的下載介面，到網路知道懸賞求助下載！
如果外文的你看不懂，不要緊直接找【谷歌學術】，相當好的、
網路之大，資源之強，相信任何語言的搜索都不在話下的。
如果要翻譯，可以直接谷歌翻譯一下，自己把語句梳理通順就可以了！
========================【寫作方法】=============================
寫作論文的簡單方法，先要圍繞著論題去佔有和選擇材料。然後在網上查找幾份類似的文章。
通讀一些相關資料，對這方面的內容有個大概的了解！看看別人都從哪些方面寫這個東西！
參照你們學校的論文的格式，列出提綱，接著要將提綱給你們老師看看，再修改。等老師同意你這個提綱之後，你就可以補充內容！
也可以把這幾份論文綜合一下，從每篇論文上復制一部分，組成一篇新的文章！然後把按自己的語言把每一部分換下句式或詞，經過換詞不換意的辦法處理後,網上就查不到了！
最後，到萬方等資料庫進行檢測，這里便宜啊，每一萬字才1塊錢，將掃紅部分進行再次修改！
~~ 你還感覺很難嗎？
~~ 嘻嘻 。。。
~~ 希望能幫到你。
Ⅲ 跪求啊！！！！銀行貸款風險 英文文獻
The concept of Banks non-performing assets
1, the bank can't on time (according to the severity of the non-performing assets, can choose bank bankruptcy liquidation or according to the predetermined time limit), full specified amount (according to the predetermined rate) into the line of asset reorganization.
2, after the bank lending in the form of bank credit assets is not in conformity with the principle of safety, liquidity and profitability in overe, ll, bad condition and some of the loans at risk.
3, bank can't normal back or not to return the loan received.
4, refers to in a good operating state, not brings to the bank in time to normal interest income and even hard to recover the principal of bank assets, mainly refers to the non-performing loans, including subprime loan and its interest, suspicious and loss.
5, Banks can't timely get in interest income and withdraw the principal assets.
6, a good management of the state of the Banks' assets, primarily non-performing loan assets, the bank can't recover the principal and interest of the loan in a timely manner. Include: failed to recover overe loans, ll loans and non-performing loans.
[editor this paragraph]
The dangers of bad bank assets
The following harm done by the huge non-performing assets to the state-owned commercial Banks:
1. The influence the bank's capital turnover. Especially in the case of austerity or deposit landslide, Banks can't increase positions through loan recovery, often appear payment difficulties, affect bank reputation.
2. Thereby causing loss to the bank's assets. Even if a pawn can be converted into cash, but there is also a certain amount of money loss. Inventory assets restricts the turnover of funds, make the bank funds could not be applied to yield larger projects, the bank financing source is a kind of loss.
(3) leads to the deterioration of the bank's financial condition. The impact on the bank's financial bad assets is twofold. On the one hand, the more interest on the loan will not be repaid, the bank will pay this money according to the facts of the interest and other related expenses. On the other hand, the national financial system regulation, whether the interest paid in within a certain time, should be included in operating income. Therefore, the enterprise e to the more interest, bank virtual surplus real kui phenomenon is more serious.
4. Reasonable allocation of social resources. Capital is a leading factor, sedimentation configuration efficiency was unable to play, which directly affect the realization of the whole national economic benefits.
[editor this paragraph]
Management measures of non-performing assets of Banks
1. The formation of bad credit assets stripping system reason. National institutional debt of Banks and enterprises should take out a piece of institutional resources compensation, changed the loans to investment is the enterprise can't repay the bank loan to investment in the enterprise, is mainly refers to some of the national economy and people's livelihood and social stability of large enterprises loan defaults. 2. Professional shall carry out the corporate banking. Professional corporate bank, aims to establish property right clear, nobody is clear, from government administrative intervention, \"their own risks, and to balance, self-discipline, self-financing, self-development\" of the operating mechanism. Adhere to the principle of capital liquidity, safety and profitability, from the system to function all conform to the business principles of state-owned commercial Banks.
3. The construction of state-owned enterprise groups, to promote enterprise assets reorganization. Enterprise group is proced for the modern proctive scale economy requires a form of enterprise organization. Best proction scale, the lowest cost and benefit, it not only through the joint gathered huge proctivity, to proce a single enterprise is difficult to realize the combination effect of rapidly meet the requirements of modern economies of scale, at the same time, its organization, which fully reflects the flexible management of commodity economy. Have fast advanced development pattern, the enterprise group is faster than any other form of organization development, role in economic life.
Scale economic benefit, the intensive proction enterprise group company, there are two main ways: one is the implementation of indivial enterprise scale expansion, it is a corporate restructuring, through mergers and acquisitions and other forms. Powerful group co., LTD., and the latter has become adapted to market economy development request form the mainstream of group company.
The government's assets reorganization of enterprises work to strong leadership and planning, by way of joint venture, cooperation, grafting, restructuring and resources, to achieve resource restart, restructuring must implement the bank creditor's rights at the same time, in order to achieve the purpose of credit assets.
4. Strengthening the management of bank credit. Credit assets risk prevention and management of every loan credit investigation, loan review, post-loan inspection before, strengthen credit management must be carried out on loan management responsibility system. One is to clarify the responsibilities of relevant personnel, the establishment of President responsible for the system, the separation of approving system, hierarchical examination and approval system, leaving the audit system, so as to rece the management risk. 2 it is to correct their loans light tube phenomenon, achieve the fundamental transition from extensive to intensive management style, improve the level of management, improve the level of risk management, in particular, to prevent and rece new bad credit assets.
5. In accordance with the loan. First of all, from the legal safeguard the autonomy of commercial Banks and the legitimate rights and interests, put an end to the government's administrative intervention of Banks; Next, want to support the bank to collect the loan principal and interest, if necessary, by means of the law, for enterprises to evade the debt restructuring of the machine or not also rich, covert auction erosion bank assets such as mortgage goods, behavior, and to maintain the legitimate rights and interests of the bank.
這是英文的文章，你要文獻就抄每段第一句。望採納
Ⅳ 求幾篇關於汽車營銷的英文文獻，只要題目的，我找不到。。。
Which in the homeland automobile enterprise camp pin level maximal? Believe in 90%'s insider city answer: Shanghai GM. This answer I have been also to say yes , the vehicle being that are what it gives birth to a child cannot include a reason achieving best, but selling amounts in the homeland the first. But, the insider who is also maximal , believe in 60% if my doctrine Toyota (include abundant Tian He Guang of China FAW Group Corporation vapor Toyota) camp pin is horizontal may shake head: What camp does Toyota have report back after? Small vehicle mass is good , whose city sells!
I have no intention of estimating that whose level height this two automobile enterprise camp sells here, who is low, but depending on that I being engaged in experience of automobile medium reporter for many years , I thinking that face to face be applied or used universally and abundant Tian Ying sells water
In the light of at present understanding of the most people, good automobile camp sells the marketing and sales activity being to have an innovative idea , to have effect should be elaborately planned, brand notability attracting medium speculation being advanced from this with the public attention. According to that this standard , Shanghai GM are able to get a maximum score affirmatively,the news "that 100,000 yuan of short separation overcome " makes Beijing Imperial Ancestral Temple hot , Buick GL8 "land public affair cabin " concept extends , monarch strength brand Chinese tradition culture entering , Cadillac brand are in because of Saiou to hold work of announcing ceremony waiting , all being able to be rated as the classics that Chinese automobile camp pin history mounts in recent years.
Words sending if the camp pin also shunts, "the beauty style being representative leads Shanghai GM since law " , medium public relation , news make hot , the concept announces , advertisement bombs, ... Hold tall take taxi camp high this one set selling the combination fist being applied exquisite in skill by Shanghai GM, of the first edition the Buick main current process Shanghai GM's package and the marketplace hoisting , becoming at one stroke the Chinese saloon belonging to two little brand in USA brand. Who can deny neither, Shanghai GM's overall camp pin level height proces person of the same trade or occupation indeed checking once greatly.
By contrast, China FAW Group Corporation Toyota has only wanted a low tone much , it's marketing and sales activity in recent several years has had nothing good or unusual to report , even, public relation crisis events such as "arrogant advertisement event " ", sharp aspiration oil leak event " has appeared , no wonder a lot of insider has all thought that Toyota "has not found the north yet" in Chinese camp pin except that the strength gallops to appear in the market once drew support from Zhang Yi Mou patting the advertising film event make one wheel hot. Guangzhou Toyota has put up a handful trend brutallyly ring the period of the beautiful triumphant strains omen (Camry) appears in the market , but, the quilt people has mocked well for "vehicle , the fool city has sold ".
Be that the Toyota camp pin had better be applied or used universally really? Need to know that fits in the technology " that Japan proces per day all along camp pin , having "Toyota ,broad ratification , why Toyota accomplishment selling aspect in camp has gained being thought that the camp pin dying to China afterwards on the contrary by person? I think that many people does not all understand that abundant Tian Ying sells the thought marrow, this is to improve a proct and serve steadily , the public praise forming the fine marketplace then, sells by the fact that the marketplace drives new vehicle coming public praise.
The it is the strongest to return to trend in 2006 triumphant strains US omen saloon comes up. Why does the consumer go after handful of beautiful triumphant strains omen? Who all knows this is that the beautiful saloon has formed fine public praise on Chinese marketplace because of entrance is nice. But, very few somebody asks about: Why in this way good is auspicious beautiful triumphant strains public praise? The answer not the Toyota manufacturing engineering is good , but the proct improves well. From the sixties debuted the first beautiful Daiji omens last century, Toyota is improving its quality unceasingly right away , every generation being advanced to some extent, but domestic than the last generation quality city triumphant strains US omens already are sixth generation of it. Mount sustained improvement in the same motorcycle type platform, not only having economized large amount of inkstone hair , cost of manufacture,
Antagonism, is applied or used universally , Ford waits for the automobile company to walk to be another a way, their city every year debuts a big heap of new vehicle, but every one new vehicle name , technology platform and before motorcycle type cannot find out connection. This being also leaking from a lot of automobile manufacturer in the homeland now, way, Board Chairman Qirui Yin Tong Yao has one well-known saying to here: "Alone dou, singles fights but you and I, engage in a gang fight right away ring the past life big heap of child". For the hot spot extending the new vehicle , manufacturer having to create the various concept and news,hold and the marketplace activity on a large scale , attract the medium and the public eyeball on this account.
國內哪個汽車企業的營銷程度無上？相信90％的業內人士都會回答：上海通用。這個答案我也是同意的，理由是它所出產的車算不上最好，卻做到了國本國銷售量第一。但如果我說豐田（包括一汽豐田和廣汽豐田）的營銷程度也是無上的，相信60％的業內人士都會搖頭：豐田有啥子營銷？車子質量好，誰都會賣！
在此，我無意評價這兩家汽車企業的營銷程度孰高孰低，但憑著我多年從事汽車電視台記者的經歷，我認為對通用和豐田營銷程度的不同評價，正好代表了目前中國汽車界對汽車營銷的兩種不同思路。
按照目前大大都人的理解，好的汽車營銷就是要精心策劃有創意、有影響的市場營銷勾當，吸引電視台炒作和公家關注，由此晉升品牌知名度。按照這個標准，上海通用肯定能夠得到無上分，因為賽歐「10萬元小別克」的新聞炒作、別克GL8「陸上公事艙」的概念推廣、君威品牌中國傳統文化的輸入、凱迪拉克品牌在北京太廟進行發布儀式等，都堪稱近年來中國汽車營銷史上的經典之作。
如果營銷也分門戶的話，上海通用是典型的「美式打法」，電視台公關、新聞炒作、概念宣導、廣告轟炸……這一套高舉高打車營銷組合拳被上海通用運用得出神入化，原本在美國屬於二線品牌的別克經過上海通用的包裝和晉升，一舉成為中國轎車市場的主流品牌。誰也不克不及否認，上海通用的群體營銷程度的確超出超過同業一大截。
相比之下，一汽豐田就要低調得多，除開威馳上市曾經藉助張藝謀拍廣告片事件炒作一輪外，幾年來其市場營銷勾當乏善可陳，甚或還出現了「蠻橫廣告事件」、「銳志漏油事件」等公關危機事件，難怪很多業內人士都認為豐田在中國的營銷「還撲空北」。廣州豐田在凱美瑞（Camry）上市時狠狠地出了一把風頭，卻被人譏為「車好，傻子都會賣」。
真的是豐田的營銷不如通用嗎？要知道，在日本歷來有「豐田的營銷、日產的技術」之稱，豐田在營銷方面的成就獲得了廣泛認可，怎麼到中國之後反而被人認為營銷不行了呢？我認為，很多人都不理解豐田營銷思惟的精髓，這就是持續地改善產物和服務，繼續往前形成良好的市場口碑，通過市場口碑來推動新車銷售。
還是回到2006年風頭最勁的凱美瑞轎車上來。消費者為啥子追捧凱美瑞？誰都知道這是因為進口佳美轎車在中國市場上形成了良好口碑。但很少有人問：凱美瑞的口碑為啥子這么好？答案不是豐田的打造工藝好，而是產物改善得好。從上個世紀60年代推出第一代凱美瑞開始，豐田就在不斷地改善它的品位，每一代的品位都會比上一代有所晉升，而國產凱美瑞已是它的第六代。在統一個車型平台上持續改善，不僅節流了大量的開發、打造成本，品位得到不斷晉升，並且消費者的口碑也在不斷地累加。
相反，通用、福特等汽車公司走的是另外一條途徑，它們每年都會推出一大堆新車，但每一款新車的名字、技術平台和之前的車型都找不出聯系。現在，國內很多汽車廠家走的也是這條途徑，奇瑞董事長尹同耀對此有一句著名的話：「單打獨鬥打不過你，我就生一大堆孩子來打群架。」為了推廣新車，廠家不得不打造各下位概念和新聞熱點，並大規模地舉辦市場勾當，以此吸引電視台和公家的眼球。
Ⅳ 急求：汽車營銷類英文版文獻
中英文對照的保時捷： http://www.yeeyan.com/articles/view/14233/3592 大眾汽車 http://www.yeeyan.com/articles/view/pestwave/2388
Ⅵ 急求有關貸款定價的英文文獻，要求4000----5000字
發去哪呢，留個郵箱唄~
Ⅶ 本人要寫一篇關於汽車消費貸款的論文，請問哪裡找到汽車消費貸款的數據
銀行或汽車銷售處和消費者
Ⅷ 消費信貸風險管理 外文文獻
http://www.philadelphiafed.org/payment-cards-center/publications/discussion-papers/2001/ConsumerCreditRisk_092001.pdf
上面這個網址是一個pdf文檔，講的是關於消費信貸風險管理的問題。
下面這一段，是我找的資料，不知道對你有沒有用。
Consumer Credit Risk Management
Most companies involved in lending to consumers have departments dedicated to the measurement, prediction and control of losses e to credit risk. This field is loosely referred to consumer/retail credit risk management, however the word management is commonly dropped.
[edit] Scorecards
See full article (Credit Scorecards)
A common method for predicting credit risk is through the credit scorecard. The scorecard is a statistically based model for attributing a number (score) to a customer (or an account) which indicates the predicted probability that the customer will exhibit a certain behaviour. In calculating the score, a range of data sources may be used, including data from an application form, from credit reference agencies or from procts the customer already holds with the lender.
The most widespread type of scorecard in use is the application scorecard, which lenders employ when a customer applies for a new credit proct. The scorecard tries to predict the probability that the customer, if given the proct, would become "bad" within a given timeframe, incurring losses for the lender. The exact definition of what constitutes "bad" varies across different lenders, proct types and target markets, however examples may be "missing three payments within the next 18 months" or "default within the next 12 months". The score given to a customer is usually a three or four digit integer, and in most cases is proportional to the natural logarithm of the odds (or logit) of the customer becoming "bad". In general a low score indicates a low quality (a high chance of going "bad") and a high score indicates the opposite.
Other scorecard types may include behavioural scorecards - which try to predict the probability of an existing account turning "bad"; propensity scorecards - which try to predict the probability that a customer would accept another proct if offered one; and collections scorecards - which try to predict a customer's response to different strategies for collecting owed money.
[edit] Credit Strategy
Credit strategy is concerned with turning predictions of customer behaviour (as provided by scorecards) into a decision whether to accept their custom.
To turn an application score into a Yes/No decision "cut-offs" are generally used. A cut-off is a score at and above which customers have their application accepted and below which applications are declined. The placement of the cut-off is closely linked to the price (APR) that the lender is charging for the proct. The higher the price charged, the greater the losses the lender can enre and still remain profitable. So, with a higher price the lender can accept customers with a higher probability of going "bad" and can move the cut-off down. The opposite is true of a lower price. Most lenders go further and charge low scoring customers a higher APR than high scoring customers. This compensates for the added risk of taking on poorer quality business without effecting the lender's place in the market with better quality borrowers. In the UK, lenders must advertise a typical rate, which at least 66% of customers must receive.
Application score is also used as a factor in deciding such things as an overdraft or credit card limit. Lenders are generally happier to extend a larger limit to higher scoring customers than to lower scoring customers, because they are more likely to pay borrowings back. Alongside scorecards lie policy rules which apply regulatory requirements (such as making sure there is no lending to under 18s) and other lending policy (such as many lenders will not lend to customers who have a CCJ registered against them). Credit Strategy is also concerned with the ongoing management of a customer's account, especially with revolving credit procts such as credit cards, overdrafts and flexible loans, where the customer's balance can go up as well as down. Behavioural scorecards are used (usually monthly) to provide an updated picture of the credit-quality of the customer/account. As the customer's profile changes, the lender may choose to extend or contract the customer's limits.
[edit] Underwriting
Not all decisions can be made automatically through the methods mentioned above. This may be for a number of reasons; insufficient data, regulatory requirements, or a borderline decision. In such cases highly trained professionals called underwriters manually review the case and make a decision. This is more common in highly regulated procts such as mortgages, especially when large sums are involved.
Ⅸ 跪求有關銀行信貸的外文文獻～最好附中文翻譯的～～
參考來源：JSTOR
China's fast-evolving consumer finance market
Contents
1. Footnote
China's consumer finance instry lags far behind the economy as a whole. In 2007, consumer finance balances still came to less than 13 percent of GDP, below India and far below Singapore and South Korea. Should recent growth rates persist, consumer lending promises to exceed 8 trillion renminbi ($1.2 trillion) by 2014, up from today's 3.7 trillion renminbi.( n1) But that calculation understates the market's latent potential. If consumer lending on the mainland rose to Taiwan's level, for instance, the shift could unleash as much as 10 trillion renminbi in net new consumption over the next five years--an enormous opportunity for banks and retailers.
China's people now have limited credit options. Mortgages account for 90 percent of lending to consumers, who have few choices in key proct areas, such as auto loans, credit cards, and personal loans. But the market has grown rapidly in recent years. Credit card issuance is skyrocketing, from 3 million cards in 2003 to 128 million by the end of 2008. Indeed, card issuance could surpass 300 million by 2013. Similarly, unsecured personal loans and installment loans, long the domain of underground lenders, have grown at an annual rate of 33 percent since 2006, to 744 billion renminbi, as leading domestic banks and consumer finance specialists strengthened their risk-management capabilities.
For foreign and local lenders jockeying for position in China's fast-evolving consumer finance market, we see several keys to success.
1. Recognize the market's diversity. China is a collection of local markets, each at a different stage of development, with distinct risk profiles and unique consumer preferences. These markets generally evolve through three stages of development: nascent (such as Sichuan), emerging (Jiangsu), and maturing (Shanghai). Lenders should take a portfolio view, focusing on the most promising markets, but with enough diversity to capture the next wave of growth.
2. Find a proct portfolio that matches consumer preferences. In a sense, consumer-lending procts are fungible. Many consumers balance their savings and borrowing in the aggregate, not by indivial procts. Some countries (such as South Korea) have high levels of credit card usage; others rely more on cash and personal loans. In the present early stage, the ultimate proct balance in China remains to be determined. Finding the right mix may prove crucial to success in China's fast-growing market.
3. Know the rules and their evolution. New regulations issued by Chinese banking regulators in the spring of 2009 give local and foreign banks and consumer finance specialists greater access to the market, in the form of consumer finance companies. While initially restricted to offering installment loans to retail customers with previous track records in borrowing, such companies will probably enable attackers to participate in the unsecured consumer-lending sector more quickly and at greater scale. In addition, the further deregulation of credit cards has allowed overseas banks to issue renminbi-based ones. These banks should target clear segments and develop the ability to serve the broader market.
Would-be players in such a new market must tread carefully. To assure responsible lending and borrowing, the government must strengthen credit bureaus, improve financial ecation, support 'new to credit' procts (for instance, low-limit or collateralized credit cards), and allow consumer finance balances to be securitized. Regulators and lenders must work together to improve risk management, especially the ability to identify and address organized fraud. The government must become better at spotting national and local credit bubbles.
China can manage the risks and has ample room to expand consumer credit--safely.
中國的快速發展消費金融市場
內容
1。腳注
中國的消費金融業遠遠落後於整體經濟。 2007年，消費信貸余額仍然發生了不到國內生產總值的百分之十三，低於印度，遠遠低於新加坡和韓國。如果最近的增長率持續下去，消費貸款承諾2014年將超過8萬億人民幣（1.2萬億美元），從今天的3.7萬億人民幣。（n1）重的計算，但低估了市場的潛能。如果消費者在大陸的貸款上升到台灣的水平，例如，這種變化可能引發在未來5年高達10萬億人民幣的凈新的消費多 - 為銀行和零售商的巨大機會。
中國人民現在是有限的信貸方案。抵押貸款占貸款的百分之90的消費者，誰在關鍵產品領域，如汽車貸款，信用卡幾個選擇，以及個人貸款。但市場發展迅速，近年來。信用卡發行是暴漲的3萬2003卡，為128萬，到2008年底。事實上，發卡可能超過3.0億，到2013年。同樣，無抵押個人貸款和分期付款貸款，長期貸款的地下領域，增長百分之33在一年增長率自2006年以來，至744億元人民幣作為國內領先的銀行和消費者金融專家，加強其風險管理能力。
對外國和本地貸款在中國的快速發展的消費金融市場領導地位的競賽中，我們看到一些成功的關鍵。
1。認識到市場的多樣性。中國是一個本地市場的集合，每個在不同的發展階段，不同的風險狀況和獨特的消費偏好。通過這些市場一般發展三個發展階段：新生（如四川），新興（江蘇），和成熟（上海）。貸款人應採取組合的看法，在最有希望的市場為重點，但有足夠的多樣性，以捕捉到下一個發展浪潮。
2。查找產品組合相匹配的消費偏好。在某種意義上，消費信貸產品互換。許多消費者平衡儲蓄和借貸總額由個別產品，而不是。如韓國的一些國家（）有信用卡使用率很高的水平;別人更多地依靠現金和個人貸款。在目前的初期階段，在中國最終產品的平衡還有待確定。找到合適的組合可能是極端重要的在中國的快速成長的市場取得成功。
3。知道規則及其演變。由中國銀行監管機構在2009年發布給當地和外國銀行和消費者金融專家更自由地進入市場，消費金融公司的形式，春天的新規定。雖然最初僅限於提供分期貸款，在貸款前紀錄的零售客戶，這些公司將可能使攻擊者在無抵押消費貸款部門的參與更迅速，規模更大。此外，信用卡的進一步放鬆管制已經允許外資銀行發行人民幣為基礎的。這些銀行的目標應明確部門和發展服務的能力，廣闊的市場。
想要成為這樣一個新的市場參與者必須謹慎行事。為了保證負責任的貸款和借款，政府必須加強徵信機構，完善金融教育，支持新的信貸的產品（例如，低限制或抵押信用卡），並允許消費者將證券化融資余額。監管機構和貸款人必須共同努力，改善風險管理，特別是能夠識別和處理有組織的欺詐。政府要更好地察覺成為國家和地方的信貸泡沫。
中國可以管理風險，有足夠的空間，擴大消費信貸 - 安全。